// Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package bits_test import ( "fmt" "math/bits" ) func ExampleAdd32() { // First number is 33<<32 + 12 n1 := []uint32{33, 12} // Second number is 21<<32 + 23 n2 := []uint32{21, 23} // Add them together without producing carry. d1, carry := bits.Add32(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ := bits.Add32(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum := []uint32{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v + %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // First number is 1<<32 + 2147483648 n1 = []uint32{1, 0x80000000} // Second number is 1<<32 + 2147483648 n2 = []uint32{1, 0x80000000} // Add them together producing carry. d1, carry = bits.Add32(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ = bits.Add32(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum = []uint32{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v + %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // Output: // [33 12] + [21 23] = [54 35] (carry bit was 0) // [1 2147483648] + [1 2147483648] = [3 0] (carry bit was 1) } func ExampleAdd64() { // First number is 33<<64 + 12 n1 := []uint64{33, 12} // Second number is 21<<64 + 23 n2 := []uint64{21, 23} // Add them together without producing carry. d1, carry := bits.Add64(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ := bits.Add64(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum := []uint64{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v + %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // First number is 1<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n1 = []uint64{1, 0x8000000000000000} // Second number is 1<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n2 = []uint64{1, 0x8000000000000000} // Add them together producing carry. d1, carry = bits.Add64(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ = bits.Add64(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum = []uint64{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v + %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // Output: // [33 12] + [21 23] = [54 35] (carry bit was 0) // [1 9223372036854775808] + [1 9223372036854775808] = [3 0] (carry bit was 1) } func ExampleSub32() { // First number is 33<<32 + 23 n1 := []uint32{33, 23} // Second number is 21<<32 + 12 n2 := []uint32{21, 12} // Sub them together without producing carry. d1, carry := bits.Sub32(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ := bits.Sub32(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum := []uint32{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v - %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // First number is 3<<32 + 2147483647 n1 = []uint32{3, 0x7fffffff} // Second number is 1<<32 + 2147483648 n2 = []uint32{1, 0x80000000} // Sub them together producing carry. d1, carry = bits.Sub32(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ = bits.Sub32(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum = []uint32{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v - %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // Output: // [33 23] - [21 12] = [12 11] (carry bit was 0) // [3 2147483647] - [1 2147483648] = [1 4294967295] (carry bit was 1) } func ExampleSub64() { // First number is 33<<64 + 23 n1 := []uint64{33, 23} // Second number is 21<<64 + 12 n2 := []uint64{21, 12} // Sub them together without producing carry. d1, carry := bits.Sub64(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ := bits.Sub64(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum := []uint64{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v - %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // First number is 3<<64 + 9223372036854775807 n1 = []uint64{3, 0x7fffffffffffffff} // Second number is 1<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n2 = []uint64{1, 0x8000000000000000} // Sub them together producing carry. d1, carry = bits.Sub64(n1[1], n2[1], 0) d0, _ = bits.Sub64(n1[0], n2[0], carry) nsum = []uint64{d0, d1} fmt.Printf("%v - %v = %v (carry bit was %v)\n", n1, n2, nsum, carry) // Output: // [33 23] - [21 12] = [12 11] (carry bit was 0) // [3 9223372036854775807] - [1 9223372036854775808] = [1 18446744073709551615] (carry bit was 1) } func ExampleMul32() { // First number is 0<<32 + 12 n1 := []uint32{0, 12} // Second number is 0<<32 + 12 n2 := []uint32{0, 12} // Multiply them together without producing overflow. hi, lo := bits.Mul32(n1[1], n2[1]) nsum := []uint32{hi, lo} fmt.Printf("%v * %v = %v\n", n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // First number is 0<<32 + 2147483648 n1 = []uint32{0, 0x80000000} // Second number is 0<<32 + 2 n2 = []uint32{0, 2} // Multiply them together producing overflow. hi, lo = bits.Mul32(n1[1], n2[1]) nsum = []uint32{hi, lo} fmt.Printf("%v * %v = %v\n", n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // Output: // 12 * 12 = [0 144] // 2147483648 * 2 = [1 0] } func ExampleMul64() { // First number is 0<<64 + 12 n1 := []uint64{0, 12} // Second number is 0<<64 + 12 n2 := []uint64{0, 12} // Multiply them together without producing overflow. hi, lo := bits.Mul64(n1[1], n2[1]) nsum := []uint64{hi, lo} fmt.Printf("%v * %v = %v\n", n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // First number is 0<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n1 = []uint64{0, 0x8000000000000000} // Second number is 0<<64 + 2 n2 = []uint64{0, 2} // Multiply them together producing overflow. hi, lo = bits.Mul64(n1[1], n2[1]) nsum = []uint64{hi, lo} fmt.Printf("%v * %v = %v\n", n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // Output: // 12 * 12 = [0 144] // 9223372036854775808 * 2 = [1 0] } func ExampleDiv32() { // First number is 0<<32 + 6 n1 := []uint32{0, 6} // Second number is 0<<32 + 3 n2 := []uint32{0, 3} // Divide them together. quo, rem := bits.Div32(n1[0], n1[1], n2[1]) nsum := []uint32{quo, rem} fmt.Printf("[%v %v] / %v = %v\n", n1[0], n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // First number is 2<<32 + 2147483648 n1 = []uint32{2, 0x80000000} // Second number is 0<<32 + 2147483648 n2 = []uint32{0, 0x80000000} // Divide them together. quo, rem = bits.Div32(n1[0], n1[1], n2[1]) nsum = []uint32{quo, rem} fmt.Printf("[%v %v] / %v = %v\n", n1[0], n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // Output: // [0 6] / 3 = [2 0] // [2 2147483648] / 2147483648 = [5 0] } func ExampleDiv64() { // First number is 0<<64 + 6 n1 := []uint64{0, 6} // Second number is 0<<64 + 3 n2 := []uint64{0, 3} // Divide them together. quo, rem := bits.Div64(n1[0], n1[1], n2[1]) nsum := []uint64{quo, rem} fmt.Printf("[%v %v] / %v = %v\n", n1[0], n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // First number is 2<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n1 = []uint64{2, 0x8000000000000000} // Second number is 0<<64 + 9223372036854775808 n2 = []uint64{0, 0x8000000000000000} // Divide them together. quo, rem = bits.Div64(n1[0], n1[1], n2[1]) nsum = []uint64{quo, rem} fmt.Printf("[%v %v] / %v = %v\n", n1[0], n1[1], n2[1], nsum) // Output: // [0 6] / 3 = [2 0] // [2 9223372036854775808] / 9223372036854775808 = [5 0] }