Text file src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py

     1  # Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  # license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  """GDB Pretty printers and convenience functions for Go's runtime structures.
     6  
     7  This script is loaded by GDB when it finds a .debug_gdb_scripts
     8  section in the compiled binary. The [68]l linkers emit this with a
     9  path to this file based on the path to the runtime package.
    10  """
    11  
    12  # Known issues:
    13  #    - pretty printing only works for the 'native' strings. E.g. 'type
    14  #      foo string' will make foo a plain struct in the eyes of gdb,
    15  #      circumventing the pretty print triggering.
    16  
    17  
    18  from __future__ import print_function
    19  import re
    20  import sys
    21  import gdb
    22  
    23  print("Loading Go Runtime support.", file=sys.stderr)
    24  #http://python3porting.com/differences.html
    25  if sys.version > '3':
    26  	xrange = range
    27  # allow to manually reload while developing
    28  goobjfile = gdb.current_objfile() or gdb.objfiles()[0]
    29  goobjfile.pretty_printers = []
    30  
    31  # G state (runtime2.go)
    32  
    33  def read_runtime_const(varname, default):
    34    try:
    35      return int(gdb.parse_and_eval(varname))
    36    except Exception:
    37      return int(default)
    38  
    39  
    40  G_IDLE = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gidle'", 0)
    41  G_RUNNABLE = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Grunnable'", 1)
    42  G_RUNNING = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Grunning'", 2)
    43  G_SYSCALL = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gsyscall'", 3)
    44  G_WAITING = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gwaiting'", 4)
    45  G_MORIBUND_UNUSED = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gmoribund_unused'", 5)
    46  G_DEAD = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gdead'", 6)
    47  G_ENQUEUE_UNUSED = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Genqueue_unused'", 7)
    48  G_COPYSTACK = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gcopystack'", 8)
    49  G_SCAN = read_runtime_const("'runtime._Gscan'", 0x1000)
    50  G_SCANRUNNABLE = G_SCAN+G_RUNNABLE
    51  G_SCANRUNNING = G_SCAN+G_RUNNING
    52  G_SCANSYSCALL = G_SCAN+G_SYSCALL
    53  G_SCANWAITING = G_SCAN+G_WAITING
    54  
    55  sts = {
    56      G_IDLE: 'idle',
    57      G_RUNNABLE: 'runnable',
    58      G_RUNNING: 'running',
    59      G_SYSCALL: 'syscall',
    60      G_WAITING: 'waiting',
    61      G_MORIBUND_UNUSED: 'moribund',
    62      G_DEAD: 'dead',
    63      G_ENQUEUE_UNUSED: 'enqueue',
    64      G_COPYSTACK: 'copystack',
    65      G_SCAN: 'scan',
    66      G_SCANRUNNABLE: 'runnable+s',
    67      G_SCANRUNNING: 'running+s',
    68      G_SCANSYSCALL: 'syscall+s',
    69      G_SCANWAITING: 'waiting+s',
    70  }
    71  
    72  
    73  #
    74  #  Value wrappers
    75  #
    76  
    77  class SliceValue:
    78  	"Wrapper for slice values."
    79  
    80  	def __init__(self, val):
    81  		self.val = val
    82  
    83  	@property
    84  	def len(self):
    85  		return int(self.val['len'])
    86  
    87  	@property
    88  	def cap(self):
    89  		return int(self.val['cap'])
    90  
    91  	def __getitem__(self, i):
    92  		if i < 0 or i >= self.len:
    93  			raise IndexError(i)
    94  		ptr = self.val["array"]
    95  		return (ptr + i).dereference()
    96  
    97  
    98  #
    99  #  Pretty Printers
   100  #
   101  
   102  # The patterns for matching types are permissive because gdb 8.2 switched to matching on (we think) typedef names instead of C syntax names.
   103  class StringTypePrinter:
   104  	"Pretty print Go strings."
   105  
   106  	pattern = re.compile(r'^(struct string( \*)?|string)$')
   107  
   108  	def __init__(self, val):
   109  		self.val = val
   110  
   111  	def display_hint(self):
   112  		return 'string'
   113  
   114  	def to_string(self):
   115  		l = int(self.val['len'])
   116  		return self.val['str'].string("utf-8", "ignore", l)
   117  
   118  
   119  class SliceTypePrinter:
   120  	"Pretty print slices."
   121  
   122  	pattern = re.compile(r'^(struct \[\]|\[\])')
   123  
   124  	def __init__(self, val):
   125  		self.val = val
   126  
   127  	def display_hint(self):
   128  		return 'array'
   129  
   130  	def to_string(self):
   131  		t = str(self.val.type)
   132  		if (t.startswith("struct ")):
   133  			return t[len("struct "):]
   134  		return t
   135  
   136  	def children(self):
   137  		sval = SliceValue(self.val)
   138  		if sval.len > sval.cap:
   139  			return
   140  		for idx, item in enumerate(sval):
   141  			yield ('[{0}]'.format(idx), item)
   142  
   143  
   144  class MapTypePrinter:
   145  	"""Pretty print map[K]V types.
   146  
   147  	Map-typed go variables are really pointers. dereference them in gdb
   148  	to inspect their contents with this pretty printer.
   149  	"""
   150  
   151  	pattern = re.compile(r'^map\[.*\].*$')
   152  
   153  	def __init__(self, val):
   154  		self.val = val
   155  
   156  	def display_hint(self):
   157  		return 'map'
   158  
   159  	def to_string(self):
   160  		return str(self.val.type)
   161  
   162  	def children(self):
   163  		MapBucketCount = 8 # see internal/abi.go:MapBucketCount
   164  		B = self.val['B']
   165  		buckets = self.val['buckets']
   166  		oldbuckets = self.val['oldbuckets']
   167  		flags = self.val['flags']
   168  		inttype = self.val['hash0'].type
   169  		cnt = 0
   170  		for bucket in xrange(2 ** int(B)):
   171  			bp = buckets + bucket
   172  			if oldbuckets:
   173  				oldbucket = bucket & (2 ** (B - 1) - 1)
   174  				oldbp = oldbuckets + oldbucket
   175  				oldb = oldbp.dereference()
   176  				if (oldb['overflow'].cast(inttype) & 1) == 0:  # old bucket not evacuated yet
   177  					if bucket >= 2 ** (B - 1):
   178  						continue    # already did old bucket
   179  					bp = oldbp
   180  			while bp:
   181  				b = bp.dereference()
   182  				for i in xrange(MapBucketCount):
   183  					if b['tophash'][i] != 0:
   184  						k = b['keys'][i]
   185  						v = b['values'][i]
   186  						if flags & 1:
   187  							k = k.dereference()
   188  						if flags & 2:
   189  							v = v.dereference()
   190  						yield str(cnt), k
   191  						yield str(cnt + 1), v
   192  						cnt += 2
   193  				bp = b['overflow']
   194  
   195  
   196  class ChanTypePrinter:
   197  	"""Pretty print chan[T] types.
   198  
   199  	Chan-typed go variables are really pointers. dereference them in gdb
   200  	to inspect their contents with this pretty printer.
   201  	"""
   202  
   203  	pattern = re.compile(r'^chan ')
   204  
   205  	def __init__(self, val):
   206  		self.val = val
   207  
   208  	def display_hint(self):
   209  		return 'array'
   210  
   211  	def to_string(self):
   212  		return str(self.val.type)
   213  
   214  	def children(self):
   215  		# see chan.c chanbuf(). et is the type stolen from hchan<T>::recvq->first->elem
   216  		et = [x.type for x in self.val['recvq']['first'].type.target().fields() if x.name == 'elem'][0]
   217  		ptr = (self.val.address["buf"]).cast(et)
   218  		for i in range(self.val["qcount"]):
   219  			j = (self.val["recvx"] + i) % self.val["dataqsiz"]
   220  			yield ('[{0}]'.format(i), (ptr + j).dereference())
   221  
   222  
   223  def paramtypematch(t, pattern):
   224  	return t.code == gdb.TYPE_CODE_TYPEDEF and str(t).startswith(".param") and pattern.match(str(t.target()))
   225  
   226  #
   227  #  Register all the *Printer classes above.
   228  #
   229  
   230  def makematcher(klass):
   231  	def matcher(val):
   232  		try:
   233  			if klass.pattern.match(str(val.type)):
   234  				return klass(val)
   235  			elif paramtypematch(val.type, klass.pattern):
   236  				return klass(val.cast(val.type.target()))
   237  		except Exception:
   238  			pass
   239  	return matcher
   240  
   241  goobjfile.pretty_printers.extend([makematcher(var) for var in vars().values() if hasattr(var, 'pattern')])
   242  #
   243  #  Utilities
   244  #
   245  
   246  def pc_to_int(pc):
   247  	# python2 will not cast pc (type void*) to an int cleanly
   248  	# instead python2 and python3 work with the hex string representation
   249  	# of the void pointer which we can parse back into an int.
   250  	# int(pc) will not work.
   251  	try:
   252  		# python3 / newer versions of gdb
   253  		pc = int(pc)
   254  	except gdb.error:
   255  		# str(pc) can return things like
   256  		# "0x429d6c <runtime.gopark+284>", so
   257  		# chop at first space.
   258  		pc = int(str(pc).split(None, 1)[0], 16)
   259  	return pc
   260  
   261  
   262  #
   263  #  For reference, this is what we're trying to do:
   264  #  eface: p *(*(struct 'runtime.rtype'*)'main.e'->type_->data)->string
   265  #  iface: p *(*(struct 'runtime.rtype'*)'main.s'->tab->Type->data)->string
   266  #
   267  # interface types can't be recognized by their name, instead we check
   268  # if they have the expected fields.  Unfortunately the mapping of
   269  # fields to python attributes in gdb.py isn't complete: you can't test
   270  # for presence other than by trapping.
   271  
   272  
   273  def is_iface(val):
   274  	try:
   275  		return str(val['tab'].type) == "struct runtime.itab *" and str(val['data'].type) == "void *"
   276  	except gdb.error:
   277  		pass
   278  
   279  
   280  def is_eface(val):
   281  	try:
   282  		return str(val['_type'].type) == "struct runtime._type *" and str(val['data'].type) == "void *"
   283  	except gdb.error:
   284  		pass
   285  
   286  
   287  def lookup_type(name):
   288  	try:
   289  		return gdb.lookup_type(name)
   290  	except gdb.error:
   291  		pass
   292  	try:
   293  		return gdb.lookup_type('struct ' + name)
   294  	except gdb.error:
   295  		pass
   296  	try:
   297  		return gdb.lookup_type('struct ' + name[1:]).pointer()
   298  	except gdb.error:
   299  		pass
   300  
   301  
   302  def iface_commontype(obj):
   303  	if is_iface(obj):
   304  		go_type_ptr = obj['tab']['_type']
   305  	elif is_eface(obj):
   306  		go_type_ptr = obj['_type']
   307  	else:
   308  		return
   309  
   310  	return go_type_ptr.cast(gdb.lookup_type("struct reflect.rtype").pointer()).dereference()
   311  
   312  
   313  def iface_dtype(obj):
   314  	"Decode type of the data field of an eface or iface struct."
   315  	# known issue: dtype_name decoded from runtime.rtype is "nested.Foo"
   316  	# but the dwarf table lists it as "full/path/to/nested.Foo"
   317  
   318  	dynamic_go_type = iface_commontype(obj)
   319  	if dynamic_go_type is None:
   320  		return
   321  	dtype_name = dynamic_go_type['string'].dereference()['str'].string()
   322  
   323  	dynamic_gdb_type = lookup_type(dtype_name)
   324  	if dynamic_gdb_type is None:
   325  		return
   326  
   327  	type_size = int(dynamic_go_type['size'])
   328  	uintptr_size = int(dynamic_go_type['size'].type.sizeof)	 # size is itself a uintptr
   329  	if type_size > uintptr_size:
   330  			dynamic_gdb_type = dynamic_gdb_type.pointer()
   331  
   332  	return dynamic_gdb_type
   333  
   334  
   335  def iface_dtype_name(obj):
   336  	"Decode type name of the data field of an eface or iface struct."
   337  
   338  	dynamic_go_type = iface_commontype(obj)
   339  	if dynamic_go_type is None:
   340  		return
   341  	return dynamic_go_type['string'].dereference()['str'].string()
   342  
   343  
   344  class IfacePrinter:
   345  	"""Pretty print interface values
   346  
   347  	Casts the data field to the appropriate dynamic type."""
   348  
   349  	def __init__(self, val):
   350  		self.val = val
   351  
   352  	def display_hint(self):
   353  		return 'string'
   354  
   355  	def to_string(self):
   356  		if self.val['data'] == 0:
   357  			return 0x0
   358  		try:
   359  			dtype = iface_dtype(self.val)
   360  		except Exception:
   361  			return "<bad dynamic type>"
   362  
   363  		if dtype is None:  # trouble looking up, print something reasonable
   364  			return "({typename}){data}".format(
   365  				typename=iface_dtype_name(self.val), data=self.val['data'])
   366  
   367  		try:
   368  			return self.val['data'].cast(dtype).dereference()
   369  		except Exception:
   370  			pass
   371  		return self.val['data'].cast(dtype)
   372  
   373  
   374  def ifacematcher(val):
   375  	if is_iface(val) or is_eface(val):
   376  		return IfacePrinter(val)
   377  
   378  goobjfile.pretty_printers.append(ifacematcher)
   379  
   380  #
   381  #  Convenience Functions
   382  #
   383  
   384  
   385  class GoLenFunc(gdb.Function):
   386  	"Length of strings, slices, maps or channels"
   387  
   388  	how = ((StringTypePrinter, 'len'), (SliceTypePrinter, 'len'), (MapTypePrinter, 'count'), (ChanTypePrinter, 'qcount'))
   389  
   390  	def __init__(self):
   391  		gdb.Function.__init__(self, "len")
   392  
   393  	def invoke(self, obj):
   394  		typename = str(obj.type)
   395  		for klass, fld in self.how:
   396  			if klass.pattern.match(typename) or paramtypematch(obj.type, klass.pattern):
   397  				return obj[fld]
   398  
   399  
   400  class GoCapFunc(gdb.Function):
   401  	"Capacity of slices or channels"
   402  
   403  	how = ((SliceTypePrinter, 'cap'), (ChanTypePrinter, 'dataqsiz'))
   404  
   405  	def __init__(self):
   406  		gdb.Function.__init__(self, "cap")
   407  
   408  	def invoke(self, obj):
   409  		typename = str(obj.type)
   410  		for klass, fld in self.how:
   411  			if klass.pattern.match(typename) or paramtypematch(obj.type, klass.pattern):
   412  				return obj[fld]
   413  
   414  
   415  class DTypeFunc(gdb.Function):
   416  	"""Cast Interface values to their dynamic type.
   417  
   418  	For non-interface types this behaves as the identity operation.
   419  	"""
   420  
   421  	def __init__(self):
   422  		gdb.Function.__init__(self, "dtype")
   423  
   424  	def invoke(self, obj):
   425  		try:
   426  			return obj['data'].cast(iface_dtype(obj))
   427  		except gdb.error:
   428  			pass
   429  		return obj
   430  
   431  #
   432  #  Commands
   433  #
   434  
   435  def linked_list(ptr, linkfield):
   436  	while ptr:
   437  		yield ptr
   438  		ptr = ptr[linkfield]
   439  
   440  
   441  class GoroutinesCmd(gdb.Command):
   442  	"List all goroutines."
   443  
   444  	def __init__(self):
   445  		gdb.Command.__init__(self, "info goroutines", gdb.COMMAND_STACK, gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
   446  
   447  	def invoke(self, _arg, _from_tty):
   448  		# args = gdb.string_to_argv(arg)
   449  		vp = gdb.lookup_type('void').pointer()
   450  		for ptr in SliceValue(gdb.parse_and_eval("'runtime.allgs'")):
   451  			if ptr['atomicstatus']['value'] == G_DEAD:
   452  				continue
   453  			s = ' '
   454  			if ptr['m']:
   455  				s = '*'
   456  			pc = ptr['sched']['pc'].cast(vp)
   457  			pc = pc_to_int(pc)
   458  			blk = gdb.block_for_pc(pc)
   459  			status = int(ptr['atomicstatus']['value'])
   460  			st = sts.get(status, "unknown(%d)" % status)
   461  			print(s, ptr['goid'], "{0:8s}".format(st), blk.function)
   462  
   463  
   464  def find_goroutine(goid):
   465  	"""
   466  	find_goroutine attempts to find the goroutine identified by goid.
   467  	It returns a tuple of gdb.Value's representing the stack pointer
   468  	and program counter pointer for the goroutine.
   469  
   470  	@param int goid
   471  
   472  	@return tuple (gdb.Value, gdb.Value)
   473  	"""
   474  	vp = gdb.lookup_type('void').pointer()
   475  	for ptr in SliceValue(gdb.parse_and_eval("'runtime.allgs'")):
   476  		if ptr['atomicstatus']['value'] == G_DEAD:
   477  			continue
   478  		if ptr['goid'] == goid:
   479  			break
   480  	else:
   481  		return None, None
   482  	# Get the goroutine's saved state.
   483  	pc, sp = ptr['sched']['pc'], ptr['sched']['sp']
   484  	status = ptr['atomicstatus']['value']&~G_SCAN
   485  	# Goroutine is not running nor in syscall, so use the info in goroutine
   486  	if status != G_RUNNING and status != G_SYSCALL:
   487  		return pc.cast(vp), sp.cast(vp)
   488  
   489  	# If the goroutine is in a syscall, use syscallpc/sp.
   490  	pc, sp = ptr['syscallpc'], ptr['syscallsp']
   491  	if sp != 0:
   492  		return pc.cast(vp), sp.cast(vp)
   493  	# Otherwise, the goroutine is running, so it doesn't have
   494  	# saved scheduler state. Find G's OS thread.
   495  	m = ptr['m']
   496  	if m == 0:
   497  		return None, None
   498  	for thr in gdb.selected_inferior().threads():
   499  		if thr.ptid[1] == m['procid']:
   500  			break
   501  	else:
   502  		return None, None
   503  	# Get scheduler state from the G's OS thread state.
   504  	curthr = gdb.selected_thread()
   505  	try:
   506  		thr.switch()
   507  		pc = gdb.parse_and_eval('$pc')
   508  		sp = gdb.parse_and_eval('$sp')
   509  	finally:
   510  		curthr.switch()
   511  	return pc.cast(vp), sp.cast(vp)
   512  
   513  
   514  class GoroutineCmd(gdb.Command):
   515  	"""Execute gdb command in the context of goroutine <goid>.
   516  
   517  	Switch PC and SP to the ones in the goroutine's G structure,
   518  	execute an arbitrary gdb command, and restore PC and SP.
   519  
   520  	Usage: (gdb) goroutine <goid> <gdbcmd>
   521  
   522  	You could pass "all" as <goid> to apply <gdbcmd> to all goroutines.
   523  
   524  	For example: (gdb) goroutine all <gdbcmd>
   525  
   526  	Note that it is ill-defined to modify state in the context of a goroutine.
   527  	Restrict yourself to inspecting values.
   528  	"""
   529  
   530  	def __init__(self):
   531  		gdb.Command.__init__(self, "goroutine", gdb.COMMAND_STACK, gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
   532  
   533  	def invoke(self, arg, _from_tty):
   534  		goid_str, cmd = arg.split(None, 1)
   535  		goids = []
   536  
   537  		if goid_str == 'all':
   538  			for ptr in SliceValue(gdb.parse_and_eval("'runtime.allgs'")):
   539  				goids.append(int(ptr['goid']))
   540  		else:
   541  			goids = [int(gdb.parse_and_eval(goid_str))]
   542  
   543  		for goid in goids:
   544  			self.invoke_per_goid(goid, cmd)
   545  
   546  	def invoke_per_goid(self, goid, cmd):
   547  		pc, sp = find_goroutine(goid)
   548  		if not pc:
   549  			print("No such goroutine: ", goid)
   550  			return
   551  		pc = pc_to_int(pc)
   552  		save_frame = gdb.selected_frame()
   553  		gdb.parse_and_eval('$save_sp = $sp')
   554  		gdb.parse_and_eval('$save_pc = $pc')
   555  		# In GDB, assignments to sp must be done from the
   556  		# top-most frame, so select frame 0 first.
   557  		gdb.execute('select-frame 0')
   558  		gdb.parse_and_eval('$sp = {0}'.format(str(sp)))
   559  		gdb.parse_and_eval('$pc = {0}'.format(str(pc)))
   560  		try:
   561  			gdb.execute(cmd)
   562  		finally:
   563  			# In GDB, assignments to sp must be done from the
   564  			# top-most frame, so select frame 0 first.
   565  			gdb.execute('select-frame 0')
   566  			gdb.parse_and_eval('$pc = $save_pc')
   567  			gdb.parse_and_eval('$sp = $save_sp')
   568  			save_frame.select()
   569  
   570  
   571  class GoIfaceCmd(gdb.Command):
   572  	"Print Static and dynamic interface types"
   573  
   574  	def __init__(self):
   575  		gdb.Command.__init__(self, "iface", gdb.COMMAND_DATA, gdb.COMPLETE_SYMBOL)
   576  
   577  	def invoke(self, arg, _from_tty):
   578  		for obj in gdb.string_to_argv(arg):
   579  			try:
   580  				#TODO fix quoting for qualified variable names
   581  				obj = gdb.parse_and_eval(str(obj))
   582  			except Exception as e:
   583  				print("Can't parse ", obj, ": ", e)
   584  				continue
   585  
   586  			if obj['data'] == 0:
   587  				dtype = "nil"
   588  			else:
   589  				dtype = iface_dtype(obj)
   590  
   591  			if dtype is None:
   592  				print("Not an interface: ", obj.type)
   593  				continue
   594  
   595  			print("{0}: {1}".format(obj.type, dtype))
   596  
   597  # TODO: print interface's methods and dynamic type's func pointers thereof.
   598  #rsc: "to find the number of entries in the itab's Fn field look at
   599  # itab.inter->numMethods
   600  # i am sure i have the names wrong but look at the interface type
   601  # and its method count"
   602  # so Itype will start with a commontype which has kind = interface
   603  
   604  #
   605  # Register all convenience functions and CLI commands
   606  #
   607  GoLenFunc()
   608  GoCapFunc()
   609  DTypeFunc()
   610  GoroutinesCmd()
   611  GoroutineCmd()
   612  GoIfaceCmd()
   613  

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